fosfoyesos.info

Spreading scientific data about phosphogypsum stacks. Connecting people, science, and sustainable business.

Sources

  • Website resources
    1. Original favicon by Diego Cerezo Rojas, licensed under CC0 1.0.
  • Visual impact
    1. Image courtesy of La Mar de Onuba, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.
    2. Image courtesy of La Mar de Onuba, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.
    3. Image courtesy of La Mar de Onuba, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.
    4. Original image by fosfoyesos.info, licensed under CC0 1.0.
    5. Original image by fosfoyesos.info, licensed under CC0 1.0.
    6. Original image by fosfoyesos.info, licensed under CC0 1.0.
  • Terrain impact
    1. Phosphogypsum stack areas based on the CSN website. Image captured from Google Maps.
    2. Areas already restored extracted from the PhD thesis authored by José Luis Guerrero Márquez and under the direction of Juan Pedro Bolívar Raya and Manuel Olías Álvarez: Evaluation of the impact produced by the Huelva phosphogypsum stacks on their estuarine environment: Chapter 3 (Results and discussion): Page 56.
    3. Hectare areas extracted from the CSN website, and converted to the rest of the units using Windows Calculator.
    4. Huelva city area in square kilometers calculated approximately with Google Maps.
    5. Huelva city population in 2024 extracted from the INE website.
  • Hydrogeological impact
    1. Rafael Pérez López speech extracted from Espacio Protegido: Científicos y Ecologistas en Acción analizan el plan Restore para la balsa de fosfoyesos de Huelva: 5:14-5:40, 6:18-6:41, and 7:04-7:15 minutes: transcription.
  • How are zones being restored?
    1. Zone 1 restoration extracted from Evaluation of the impact produced by the Huelva phosphogypsum stacks on their estuarine environment: Chapter 3 (Results and discussion): Page 56.
    2. Zone 4 restoration extracted from Evaluation of the impact produced by the Huelva phosphogypsum stacks on their estuarine environment: Chapter 3 (Results and discussion): Page 56.
    3. Rest of the zones restoration extracted from Evaluation of the impact produced by the Huelva phosphogypsum stacks on their estuarine environment: Chapter 3 (Results and discussion): Page 56.
  • How was phosphogypsum produced?
    1. Chemical reaction passed into words using PubChem and extracted from Evaluation of the impact produced by the Huelva phosphogypsum stacks on their estuarine environment: Chapter 1 (Introduction): Page 4.
    2. Dates extracted from Evaluation of the impact produced by the Huelva phosphogypsum stacks on their estuarine environment: Chapter 3 (Results and discussion): Page 55.
    3. Number of factories extracted from Evaluation of the impact produced by the Huelva phosphogypsum stacks on their estuarine environment: Chapter 3 (Results and discussion): Page 55.
    4. Million tonnes of phosphogypsum produced annually estimation extracted from Evaluation of the impact produced by the Huelva phosphogypsum stacks on their estuarine environment: Chapter 3 (Results and discussion): Page 55.
    5. Million tonnes of phosphogypsum stored in stacks estimation extracted from Evaluation of the impact produced by the Huelva phosphogypsum stacks on their estuarine environment: Chapter 3 (Results and discussion): Page 55.
  • What substances does phosphogypsum contain?
    1. Gypsum percentage extracted from Evaluation of the impact produced by the Huelva phosphogypsum stacks on their estuarine environment: Chapter 3 (Results and discussion): Page 75.
    2. Composition details extracted from Evaluation of the impact produced by the Huelva phosphogypsum stacks on their estuarine environment: Chapter 3 (Results and discussion): Page 75.
    3. pH extracted from Evaluation of the impact produced by the Huelva phosphogypsum stacks on their estuarine environment: References: Behaviour of heavy metals and natural radionuclides in the mixing of phosphogypsum leachates with seawater.
  • Phosphogypsum management systems
    1. Gypsum slurry concept and dumping system extracted from the study authored by the CNRS Senior Scientist Michel Grégoire: Phosphogypsum foam: a vector of industrial pollution affecting Mediterranean biodiversity and the health of coastal populations in Gabès (SE Tunisia).
    2. Release into the sea system consequences extracted from Phosphogypsum foam: a vector of industrial pollution affecting Mediterranean biodiversity and the health of coastal populations in Gabès (SE Tunisia).
    3. United States of America policy extracted from the report authored by the International Fertilizer Association: Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section A (Banking and investment in phosphogypsum for the circular economy transition): Chapter 1 (A banker's view on phosphogypsum): Page 28.
    4. Image courtesy of USFWS, licensed under CC0 1.0.
    5. Storage in controlled deposits system extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section A (Banking and investment in phosphogypsum for the circular economy transition): Chapter 1 (A banker's view on phosphogypsum): Page 28.
    6. Chinese example extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section A (Banking and investment in phosphogypsum for the circular economy transition): Chapter 6 (Visioning the future: the course and thinking of the comprehensive utilisation of phosphogypsum): Page 58.
    7. Image courtesy of Bearas, licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.
    8. Case of Huelva extracted from Evaluation of the impact produced by the Huelva phosphogypsum stacks on their estuarine environment: Chapter 2 (Materials and methods): Page 18.
  • Possible solutions to Huelva phosphogypsum
    1. Possible transport solution extracted from the document authored by egmasa: Estudio básico de viabilidad ambiental y social del traslado a vertedero de los fosfoyesos de Huelva (Documento 2): Chapter 5 (Descripción de las actuaciones): Page 14.
  • Can phosphogypsum be recycled and valorized?
    1. Duck-swan quotation extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Foreword: Page 19.
    2. Progress trend extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Phosphogypsum - What's in a Name?: Page 22.
    3. Wenjin Avenue use case extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section B (So, phosphogypsum is our business...): Chapter 2 (Comprehensive utilisation of phosphogypsum in China): Page 89.
    4. Wuyi Expressway use case extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section B (So, phosphogypsum is our business...): Chapter 2 (Comprehensive utilisation of phosphogypsum in China): Page 90.
    5. Jiuchang auxiliary road use case extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section B (So, phosphogypsum is our business...): Chapter 2 (Comprehensive utilisation of phosphogypsum in China): Page 90.
    6. Xinshi use case extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section B (So, phosphogypsum is our business...): Chapter 2 (Comprehensive utilisation of phosphogypsum in China): Page 90.
    7. Yao-Chu Expressway use case extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section B (So, phosphogypsum is our business...): Chapter 2 (Comprehensive utilisation of phosphogypsum in China): Page 90.
    8. Da'an Alkaline Land Ecological Experimental Station use case extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section B (So, phosphogypsum is our business...): Chapter 2 (Comprehensive utilisation of phosphogypsum in China): Page 93.
    9. mu to square meters conversion extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section B (So, phosphogypsum is our business...): Chapter 2 (Comprehensive utilisation of phosphogypsum in China): Page 93.
    10. Polymer filling use case overview extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section B (So, phosphogypsum is our business...): Chapter 2 (Comprehensive utilisation of phosphogypsum in China): Page 88.
    11. Polymer filling use case environmental benefits extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section B (So, phosphogypsum is our business...): Chapter 2 (Comprehensive utilisation of phosphogypsum in China): Page 89.
    12. Sulphuric acid use case extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section B (So, phosphogypsum is our business...): Chapter 2 (Comprehensive utilisation of phosphogypsum in China): Page 87.
    13. Prayon description extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section B (So, phosphogypsum is our business...): Chapter 1 (The circular economy: gypsum valorisation at Prayon, Engis, Belgium): Page 64.
    14. Companies involved in the Central-Prayon Process development extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section B (So, phosphogypsum is our business...): Chapter 1 (The circular economy: gypsum valorisation at Prayon, Engis, Belgium): Page 67.
    15. Central-Prayon Process details extracted from Phosphogypsum - From Waste to Inventory: Section B (So, phosphogypsum is our business...): Chapter 1 (The circular economy: gypsum valorisation at Prayon, Engis, Belgium): Page 67.
    16. CapturaCO2 description extracted from the CapturaCO2 website.
    17. CapturaCO2 mission extracted from the CapturaCO2 website.
    18. TRL 6 meaning extracted from the Enspire Science website.
    19. Pilot plants data extracted from a call meeting with Luis María Esquivias Fedriani. Pending to search a text source
    20. Patents extracted from idUS and names translated into English using DeepL.
    21. University of Huelva methodology extracted from the research authored by Ricardo Millán-Becerro, Carlos R. Cánovas, Rafael Pérez-López, Francisco Macías and Rafael León: Combined procedure of metal removal and recovery of technology elements from fertilizer industry effluents: Abstract.
    22. Patent extracted from the Spanish Patent and Trademark Office website and name translated into English using Google Translate.